The Regulation (EU) No 511/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (hereafter referred to as ‘the Regulation’) in its Article 3.4 defines the ‘user’ of genetic resources (GR) and traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources (ATK) as any natural or legal person that utilizes GR and ATK. Furthermore the Regulation in its Article 3.5 defines utilization of GR as ‘conducting research and development on the genetic and/or biochemical composition of genetic resources, including through the application of biotechnology as defined in Article 2 of the Convention.’
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